Cavity-plane



(No M'odel.)

, F. A. HUMPHREY.

GAVITY PLANE.

` No. 257,870. Patented May 16, 1882.V

E 1 l E THW d E F1a@ 7 e L X /znees Inventor l mz? l Fils.

"UNITED STATES l `PATENT Ormes.

FRANK A. HUMPHREY, (JF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

CAVIT'Y- PLANE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,870, dated May 16,1882.

'Application led November 2B, 1881. (No model.)

Vfor Fattern-Makers, Wood-Workers, and Oth-f ers and I declare thefollowing to be ay description of my said invention sufficiently full,clear, and exact to enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which-form a part ot'this specification.

The object of my present invention is to pro vide a-praetical andefcient toolwhich can be conveniently employed. for dressing out smallholes and cavities, and for smoothing narro'w surfaces located betweenor neariianges or angles; also,for working out small curves, and forgeneral whittling and planing in positions in. accessibleorjnconvenientfor working with the ordinary tools.

l To this end my invention consists in the improved tool illustrated anddescribed, and in' the peculiar constructive features and combinationsappertaining thereto, and hereinafter speciiically claimed.

lIn the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view ot' my cavity-plane with fullhandles Vin position. Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the same with one ofthe handles disconnected. Fig. 3 isa front view with both handlesshortened or interchanged. Fig. 4 is a. longitudinal sectional view atline mx, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view at line y y,Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an end View. Fig. 7 shows detail of one of thechuck-pieces for locking the blade in position. Fi`g.8 shows a side viewof the handle separate from the other parts. Fig. 9 is a side view ofthe convertible handle-tip, and Fig. 10 shows the form of the blade orcutter.

In the construction, A denotes the body or frame, having a rounded backbar, a, and a forward guard-flange, a', connecting the cylindrical endsor neck-bosses A2, in the manner illustrated.

B indicates the blade or cutter, formed as a straight rectangular plate,sharpened along one edge, b, and without holes or openings ot' any kind."Said blade is seated and supported on the inner surface of the backbar, c, (which is properly tted for its reception,) with its sharpenededge bprotrud ing` through thethroatopening t at the rear of theguard-flange a', the blade being set at the proper angle and at suolidistance from the guard a.' as to give a` free cutting action when inuse. The shavings pass up through the central opening, and are directedbackward by the upper edge of the guard a', which is made to inclineinward for that purpose. C U indicate chuck-pieces for retaining th`blade B in position. Said chuck-pieces fit into the recesses of thevframe ends, and are provided with bevels c at their rear edges, whichare forced against the ends of the blade and clamp it securely inposition.` The blade B can be 'held 'securely in position by either oneor 'both of thechuck-pieces C.

D indicates the handles, which are fitted with screwthreadedconnecting-studs D, for screwinginto the central openings ofthe frameends A2, and against the chuck-pieces (l, for serving the double purposeof attachments for the handles and clamp-screws for the blade B. Eindicates short handles or tip-pieces,'whch are employed as clamp-screwsfor retaining the blade when it is desired to, adapt the tool for use ina narrow space, as in Fig. 3. Said tips or elamp-screws are providedwith ends E of the same size and pitch as the oonnectingstuds Dpof thehandles, so as to be readily interchangeable therewith. In thepresentinstance the clamp-screws are made to serve as tips for the `woodhandles D, but,it' desired, could be independent parts, the handlesbeing made complete without them. I prefer, however, to

construct them as convertible tips in prefer- 'l ence to independentset-screws, and I arrange them in combination with the handles as follows The tang or shank D2 of the screw-studs D is made toextendcompletely through the wood of the handle, (the ferrule D3 beingformed integral therewith,) and a screw-thread formed on its outer end,d. VThe end of the wood handle is recessed, and the piece E, which isfurnished with a central screw-threaded opening, screws onto said endclof the tang and forms the finishing-tip of the handle when not requiredfor use, as in Fig. 3. The tips E are provided with recesses or nicks c,and small ribs or projections f may be made on the ends IOO of theconnecting-studs D', (see Figs. 4. and 8,) which t said nicks, so thatthe handle can be used as a screw-driver for starting or screwing upsaid tip-pieces on the-handle or frame ends. Lugstl may be formed underthe ferrules D3, to prevent the wood handle from turning on the tang D2.The shape of the handles can be moditied to adapt the tool forconvenient application or use on different classes of work.

The tool can be used with two handles, as in Fig. 1, or with a singlehandle, (either right or left,) as in Fig. 2, or with only the shortbody and clamp-screws E, (one or botl1,) as in Fig. 3, thus permittingof its convenient use in narrow spaces between anges and ribs. It canalso be used for planing out small cavities and holes, and can besuccessfully used in any hole of sufficient size to admit of itsentrance, (see dotted line, Fig. 6,) or from three-fourths ot' au inchdiameter upward,.while it can be used for right or left hand whittlingon straight or convex surfaces and in sniall'corners and angles. Theblade can be quickly and convenientlyadjusted to cut thin or rankshavings, as required, and said blade'can be worn away to a very narrowstrip before it requires renewal ot' the blade. The tool is ot' greatutility and convenience'in pattern-making, cabinet-Work,

.and other branches of wood-working, wherein small cavities and variousformed recesses require to be worked and smoothed out.

What I claim as of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The body or frame formed with cylindrical ends or lieclebosses,connected by the externally-rounded back bar and inwardly-inclinedguard-Hange, and the straight cuttingblade seated onsaid back bar, withits sharpened edge protruding through the throat-opening at the' rearot' said guard-flange, the parts being combined and located in relationto each other and the exterior curvature substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. The combination of the body or frame having the back bar and frontguard, the straight blade supported on said back bar, and thechuck-pieces fitted into said fra-me and pressed against the ends ofsaid blade .in direction of its length by a screw or clamping deviceaXially arranged within the ends ofthe frame, for retaining it inposition, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, ot' theframe having hollow screw-threaded ends A2,connected to each other bythe backbar, a-,and guard-flange a,asshown. the straight cuttingblade B,seated on said back bar, the chuck-pieces C, ttted in recesses ot1 theframe ends and restingwith a beveled surt'ace againstthe ends ot' saidblade, and the detachable handlesD, havingstudsorthreaded ends forscrewing into said frame endsand against said chuck-pieces, for thepurposes set forth.

L1. The combination, with the detachable handles D and blade supportingframe A, of' the convertible tip-pieces E, adapted for use as setscrewsfor the chuck-pieces when the handles are detached, or as end nuts onsaid handles,

substantially as hereinbefore described.

5. The combination, with the body or frame A, of the handles D, havingthe screw-threaded end studs,D, with projection f, ferrnle D3, and tangD2, screw-threaded at its outer end d, and the convertible tip-pieces E,with nicks e, as shown and described. v

Witness my hand this 1st day ot' June, A. D. 1881.

FRANK A. HUMPHREY. Witnesses:

. OHAs. H. BURLEIGH,

GEO. M. RIoE,2d.

